Category: political voice
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Political Equality in V-Dem: “Power distributed by social group”
In a previous post, we discussed how the Varieties of Democracy “V-Dem” project measures “political equality.” V-Dem is an expert survey. They guide the expert-respondents’ attention to particular groups’ political equality. These groups are: (a) socioeconomic position, (b) social groups, (c) gender, and (d) sexual orientation. In this post, we discuss how they measure “Power…
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Political Voice and Economic Inequality: Institutional Factors
We at the POLINQ project examined 18 quantitative cross-national articles by major scholars in the leading journals to develop a typology of institutional factors that influence the relationship between political voice and economic inequality. We comment on how scholars have measured these factors, or “concepts.” At a glance… Institutional Factors that Link Voice to Inequality…
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Why Men Rebel: Ted Robert Gurr, Civil Strife, and Relative Deprivation
In the economic inequality, democracy, and political participation literature, scholars claim to test grievance or relative deprivation theory. When they do, they cite Ted Robert Gurr, whether it is his 1968 article in the American Political Science Review, or the 1970 book, Why Men Rebel. Yet, modern scholars who apply it to political participation, like…
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The Many Definitions of Political Inequality
What is the definition of political inequality? Political inequality is worrisome for the future of democracy. Unequal access to political decision-makers means that the political voice of the few is louder than the political voice of the many. But how can we define political inequality? In my book published by Routledge, I defined political inequality…
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Political Participation and Democracy
What is the relationship between political participation and democracy? Democracy and political participation — such as protest or voting — feed off of each other. Social scientists argue that when democracy is strong, more people participate. Why? Because democracy opens up possibilities for political participation such as voting, protest, and working for political parties and…
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Democratic Backsliding: Definition and Measurement
What is democratic backsliding? Democratic backsliding is when a democratic country shows signs of becoming autocratic or authoritarian. Backsliding can occur when a democracy has just a foothold (e.g. Poland in the early 1990s) or is firmly established as a democracy (the USA). How do we know when democratic backsliding occurs? Social scientists typically use…
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Democracy and Economic Inequality
Why does economic inequality rise in democracies? Economic inequality is rising, and the United Nations reports that economic inequality impacts 70 percent of the world, even when we include democracies such as the US, UK, France, and Germany. Why does democracy not reduce economic inequality? According to democratic theories, giving everyone the vote and allowing…
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Notes on Manza’s Essay “Political Inequality”
Social Scientist Jeff Manza Explored Political Inequality Social scientist Jeff Manza wrote an article for Emerging Trends in the Social and Behavioral Sciences on “Political Inequality” (2015). This post, in politicalinequality.org, provides notes and critique of Jeff Manza’s article. Manza: Economic Inequality is Political Inequality The abstract of the essay makes the ubiquitous argument that…
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The Meaning of Political Voice
What does political voice mean? Political voice is commonly understood as an important part of democracy. Academics and the public use the term political voice. While academics use the term often, it is more important to know how the public uses and understands the term. After all, there is more of the public than there…
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When Local Governments Protested the USA Patriot Act
Mass Protests over Federal Government Policy The US Presidential of 2016 election sparked protests across the nation. There were mass demonstrations over immigration and refugee policies, pro-Trump rallies, town hall debates over health care, the Women’s March on Washington, and declarations of support for sanctuary cities, to name just a few. We have not seen such…
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Neoliberalism and Democracy
Neoliberalism has degraded democracy through its ideological control over the economy, polity, and the cultural sphere.
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The Political Voice of Xenophobes
This is a guest post by Irina Tomescu-Dubrow, Polish Academy of Sciences and Kazimierz M. Slomczynski, The Ohio State University Xenophobes and those discriminated based on ethnicity have political voice In an inclusive and tolerant society that values political equality, expression of political voice is supposed to be open to everyone. Let’s consider those who…
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Five Problems with Measuring Political Inequality
Five reasons why measuring political inequality is difficult.
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Notes on Winters and Page’s “Oligarchy in the U.S.?”
In this post, I summarize the article “Oligarchy in the U.S.,” by Winters and Page (2009). Winters and Page: Oligarchy in the USA Winters and Page (Hereafter, WP) argue that all modern democracies, regardless of level of democracy, can be oligarchies. Oligarchy and democracy can, and do, “coexist comfortably” (731). WP ask whether the U.S.…
Political Inequality: A blog since 2010 